Obesity Causes and Precautions:
Main Causes of Obesity: Obesity is caused by two main causes: lifestyle and rare endocrine-genetic disorders. Obesity in children usually occurs because calories taken in are more than calories spent. The energy our body needs for daily activities and growth is taken from food. When calorie intake is more than expenditure, this excess energy is stored as fat and leads to weight gain and obesity.Effects of Obesity on Health: Obesity starting in childhood brings many health risks such as diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases, fatty liver, sleep problems and psychological problems. It can also significantly shorten life expectancy.
Obesity Treatment in Children:
- Medical Evaluation: In the treatment of obesity in children, possible hormonal or metabolic problems are first investigated by the specialist doctor. If there is such a problem, this should be treated first.
- Nutrition Regulation: A balanced nutrition plan appropriate for children, organised according to their age, should be made. Calorie restriction should be under expert supervision as it may adversely affect growth.
- Activity Boost: Apart from daily routine activities, regular physical activities in the form of sports or games are recommended. These activities contribute to weight control by increasing energy expenditure of children.
- Family Support and Psychological Support: The family should support the child to change his/her eating and movement habits and nutrition should not be offered as a reward. Psychological support is also useful when necessary.
Healthy Eating Habits:
To prevent obesity in children, healthy drinks such as water and buttermilk are recommended instead of sugary drinks. Fibrous, low-fat foods should be preferred and junk food should be avoided. Care should be taken to ensure that meals are regular and food intake should be limited after dinner.
Increasing Daily Activity:
In order to increase daily calorie burning, the use of stairs instead of lifts should be encouraged, walking should be done in short distances, TV and computer use should be limited. Children should be encouraged to adopt a healthier lifestyle by engaging in activities such as regular sports, swimming and walking.
Prevention of Obesity in Infancy:
Breast milk is ideal for preventing obesity in infants. It is important to give breast milk alone for the first 4-6 months and to avoid excessive use of formula.
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